Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - Uruguay (2003)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z Uruguay (2003)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)	Uruguay (2003)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	19 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Artigas, Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno, Flores, Florida, Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San Jose, Soriano, Tacuarembo, Treinta y Tres
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	0-14 years: 24.3% (male 425,642; female 404,987) 15-64 years: 62.6% (male 1,057,187; female 1,079,549) 65 years and over: 13.1% (male 182,696; female 263,268) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products	rice, wheat, corn, barley; livestock; fish
Airports	5 (2002)	64 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	total: 15 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2002)	total: 49 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 16 under 914 m: 31 (2002)
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	total: 176,220 sq km land: 173,620 sq km water: 2,600 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	slightly smaller than the state of Washington
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	A violent Marxist urban guerrilla movement, the Tupamaros, launched in the late 1960s, led Uruguay's president to agree to military control of his administration in 1973. By yearend, the rebels had been crushed, but the military continued to expand its hold throughout the government. Civilian rule was not restored until 1985. Uruguay's political and labor conditions are among the freest on the continent.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	17.19 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)	revenues: $3.7 billion expenditures: $4.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $500 million (2000)
Capital	Stanley	Montevideo
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown
Coastline	1,288 km	660 km
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	27 November 1966, effective February 1967, suspended 27 June 1973, new constitution rejected by referendum 30 November 1980; two constitutional reforms approved by plebiscite 26 November 1989 and 7 January 1997
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: Oriental Republic of Uruguay conventional short form: Uruguay local long form: Republica Oriental del Uruguay local short form: Uruguay former: Banda Oriental, Cisplatine Province
Currency	Falkland pound (FKP)	Uruguayan peso (UYU)
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	8.97 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$11.8 billion (2002 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	chief of mission: Ambassador Martin J. SILVERSTEIN embassy: Lauro Muller 1776, Montevideo 11200 mailing address: APO AA 34035 telephone: [598] (2) 418-7777 FAX: [598] (2) 418-8611
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	chief of mission: Ambassador Hugo FERNANDEZ-FAINGOLD chancery: 1913 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20006 telephone: [1] (202) 331-1313 through 1316 FAX: [1] (202) 331-8142 consulate(s) general: Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, and New York
Disputes - international	claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force	uncontested dispute with Brazil over certain islands in the Quarai/Cuareim and Invernada streams and the resulting tripoint with Argentina
Economic aid - recipient	none	$NA
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	Uruguay's economy is characterized by an export-oriented agricultural sector, a well-educated workforce, and high levels of social spending. After averaging growth of 5% annually during 1996-98, in 1999-2002 the economy suffered a major downturn, stemming largely from lower demand in Argentina and Brazil, which together account for nearly half of Uruguay's exports. Total GDP in these four years dropped by nearly 20%, with 2002 the worst year. Unemployment rose to nearly 20% in 2002, inflation surged, and the burden of external debt doubled. Cooperation with the IMF and the US has limited the damage, which is still extensive. Moves to reschedule debt and promote economic recovery may help limit a further decline in output in 2003.
Electricity - consumption	15.19 million kWh (2001)	6.152 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	1.377 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	123 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	16.33 million kWh (2001)	7.963 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	fossil fuel: 0.7% hydro: 99.1% nuclear: 0% other: 0.3% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Cerro Catedral 514 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster	water pollution from meat packing/tannery industry; inadequate solid/hazardous waste disposal
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups	British	white 88%, mestizo 8%, black 4%, Amerindian, practically nonexistent
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	Uruguayan pesos per US dollar - 21.26 (2002), 13.32 (2001), 12.1 (2000), 11.34 (1999), 10.47 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President Jorge BATLLE Ibanez (since 1 March 2000) and Vice President Luis HIERRO (since 1 March 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Jorge BATLLE Ibanez (since 1 March 2000) and Vice President Luis HIERRO (since 1 March 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president with parliamentary approval elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 31 October 1999, with runoff election on 28 November 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: Jorge BATLLE Ibanez elected president; percent of vote - Jorge BATLLE Ibanez 52% in a runoff against Tabare VAZQUEZ 44%
Exports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat	meat, rice, leather products, wool, vehicles, dairy products
Exports - partners	Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002)	Brazil 21%, Argentina 15%, US 8.1%, Germany 5.1%, Italy 4% (2002)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	nine equal horizontal stripes of white (top and bottom) alternating with blue; there is a white square in the upper hoist-side corner with a yellow sun bearing a human face known as the Sun of May and 16 rays alternately triangular and wavy
GDP	purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $26.82 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 6% industry: 27% services: 67% (2001)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $7,900 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	-10.8% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	33 00 S, 56 00 W
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	second-smallest South American country (after Suriname); most of the low-lying landscape (three-quarters of the country) is grassland, ideal for cattle and sheep raising
Highways	total: 440 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002)	total: 8,983 km paved: 8,081 km unpaved: 902 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: 3.7% highest 10%: 25.8% (1997)
Imports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	machinery, chemicals, road vehicles, crude petroleum
Imports - partners	UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002)	Argentina 25.6%, Brazil 22.7%, US 7.7%, Venezuela 6.2% (2002)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	25 August 1825 (from Brazil)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-12% (2002 est.)
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	food processing, electrical machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products, textiles, chemicals, beverages
Infant mortality rate	total: NA% male: NA% female: NA%	total: 13.8 deaths/1,000 live births male: 15.61 deaths/1,000 live births female: 11.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	14.1% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	ICFTU	ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMISET, UNMOGIP, UNMOT, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	14 (2001)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	1,800 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and elected for 10-year terms by the General Assembly)
Labor force	1,100 (est.)	1.2 million (2001)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing)	agriculture 14%, industry 16%, services 70%
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 1,564 km border countries: Argentina 579 km, Brazil 985 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)	arable land: 7.21% permanent crops: 0.27% other: 92.52% (1998 est.)
Languages	English	Spanish, Portunol, or Brazilero (Portuguese-Spanish mix on the Brazilian frontier)
Legal system	English common law	based on Spanish civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout	bicameral General Assembly or Asamblea General consists of Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (30 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and Chamber of Representatives or Camara de Representantes (99 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: Chamber of Senators - last held 31 October 1999 (next to be held NA 2004); Chamber of Representatives - last held 31 October 1999 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Encuentro Progresista 12, Colorado Party 10, Blanco 7, New Sector/Space Coalition 1; Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Encuentro Progresista 40, Colorado Party 33, Blanco 22, New Sector/Space Coalition 4
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: 75.87 years male: 72.54 years female: 79.38 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98% male: 97.6% female: 98.4% (2003 est.)
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Argentina and Brazil
Map references	South America	South America
Maritime claims	continental shelf: 200 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	contiguous zone: 24 NM continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	total: 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 10,918 GRT/9,775 DWT ships by type: chemical tanker 1, container 1, petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 1 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Argentina 4, Greece 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force	Army, Navy (including Naval Air Arm, Coast Guard, Marines), Air Force, Police (Coracero Guard, Grenadier Guard)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	$250 million (1999)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	1.1% (2000)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 831,297 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 672,030 (2003 est.)
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	Independence Day, 25 August (1825)
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	noun: Uruguayan(s) adjective: Uruguayan
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	seasonally high winds (the pampero is a chilly and occasional violent wind which blows north from the Argentine pampas), droughts, floods; because of the absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes from weather fronts
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	arable land, hydropower, minor minerals, fisheries
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	-0.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines	-	gas 192 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	Colorado Party [Jorge BATLLE Ibanez]; National Party or Blanco [Luis Alberto LACALLE Herrera]; New Sector/Space Coalition or Nuevo Espacio [Rafael MICHELINI]; Progressive Encounter/Broad Front Coalition or Encuentro Progresista/Frente Amplio [Tabare VAZQUEZ]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	2,967 (July 2003 est.)	3,413,329 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	6% (1997)
Population growth rate	2.44% (2003 est.)	0.79% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Stanley note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988	Colonia, Fray Bentos, Juan La Caze, La Paloma, Montevideo, Nueva Palmira, Paysandu, Punta del Este, Piriapolis
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 91, FM 149, shortwave 7 (2001)
Railways	0 km	total: 2,073 km standard gauge: 2,073 km 1.435-m gauge note: 461 km have been taken out of service and 460 km are in partial use (2002)
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Roman Catholic 66% (less than half of the adult population attends church regularly), Protestant 2%, Jewish 1%, nonprofessing or other 31%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: fully digitalized domestic: most modern facilities concentrated in Montevideo; new nationwide microwave radio relay network international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2002)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	929,141 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	350,000 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)	20 (2001)
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	mostly rolling plains and low hills; fertile coastal lowland
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	2.35 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage	19.4% (2002)
Waterways	none	1,600 km (used by coastal and shallow-draft river craft)

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